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Comparison Between Roman And Roman Civilization - 1565 Words

Introduction- Since Roman Civilization Rome itself is highly recognized for its most notorious dynasties of all the city gained its own image in exposing harsh cruelty. During the years in BC Imperial and administration earned Hellenistic Empires from republic, after being discovered in Sicily, Macedonia, between The Seleucid and Egypt itself was barely modify to a lending degree to prevail percentages from the Domain, Ever since then Rome has always been widely known for its brutal behavior and its people that has made it for what it is today, Roman history has left more of bloody legacy outweighing the bad over good, And of course Emperors themselves have left such permeant print of horror that consist of evil and greed and learn why Rome is the way it because of it, People like Caesar, Augustus and much more have given Rome the Sodom and Gomorrah. Julius Caesar prevailed issues which suggested in relinquishing Anidea. He also viewed himself as the Inheritor to Alexander the Great where he instructed prospective conqueror to Parthian realm in building a great Bulk of Empire Oriental to decrease a portion to Adriatic an insignificant and perhaps short-term appendage. The Configuration positon in government regarding Caesar was visibly and perhaps deliberately active in Hellenistic where obliterated nationality along with sentiment of patriotism in substituting them for commerce Principles in dealings of entire. Monarchs of his High Official to imposing the masses to hisShow MoreRelatedComparison Between Roman And Roman Civilization1622 Words   |  7 Pagesthe time, the encounter between Pope Leo the Great and Attila the Hun. Although the fresco has historical inaccuracies within it, the fresco as an allusion to classical civilization was clear. Although the actual event was at Mantua, the picture implied that the event occurre d at Rome, perhaps to evoke more strong memories of Roman civilization. The event marked the end of the Hunnic invasion, and represented one of the last moments of pride in ancient Roman civilization (Priore 171). The premiseRead MoreSimilarities Between Rome And Han Dynasty1041 Words   |  5 PagesRoman Empire and Han Dynasty Comparison Han Dynasty and Roman Empire have many cultural aspects including religious, geographical, and political similarities that can be compared, though many differences are also widespread during this era. Though Roman and Han political structures, both emphasized bureaucracies, they came to them quite differently. Through many amounts of expansion, both societies spread culture and earned money, though expansion was eventually their downfall. Their religionsRead MoreRoman Ethnography : Bias Of The Roman Empire1014 Words   |  5 PagesRoman Ethnography: Bias of the Roman Empire The Roman ethnographies, interpretations of outside cultures, on the tribes people they encountered during the Empire’s expansion reveal more about unique Roman characteristics than the characteristics of the barbarian tribes. The Roman Empire was vast, densely populated, and militarily, politically and socially sophisticated. This structure created shared customs, religious beliefs, orders, values, and goals for all Roman citizens. During theRead MoreComparison of Roman and American slavery760 Words   |  3 PagesComparison of Roman and Western Slavery Slavery is one of the most common entities between the Roman s society and the Western society in the late 1800 s. Both civilizations have many differences and similarities between their views on slavery, treatments of the slaves, and economics of slavery. Such similarities include the imprisonment of slaves, the cruel treatments towards slaves, and the legal status of slaves as their owner s property. However, despite the many differences, slavery betweenRead MoreEssay on Slaves in Roman and Germanic Societies591 Words   |  3 PagesWhile both Roman society and Germanic society do not view slaves as full people each society does have some safeguards to slaves wellbeing. Although both societies try to protect their slaves they also illustrated that slaves were not equal to free and even freed slaves were not equal. While both societies have positive aspects to their treatment of slaves I believe it would be better to be a slave in a Germanic society rather than a Roman society. In a Germanic society a slave had a greater abilityRead MoreAn Ethnography Of The Germanic Tribes1146 Words   |  5 Pagesinterest lies the notion of Roman stereotypes of the Germanic tribes. The Germania presents the reader with a type of rhetorical puzzle whereby a fine line exists between Tacitus’ beliefs regarding the Germanic tribes, and his intent for writing the work. Although Tacitus seems to ultimately sympathize with the morality and courage of the barbarians, the Germania, in an effort to appeal to his Roman audience, subtly references Roman stereotypes regarding the need for Roman expansion into the barbaricRead MoreThe Ancient Roman Civilization1316 Words   |  5 PagesThe Ancient Roman civilization was a remarkable society noted in history, it was led by countless great leaders that sustained the great civilization for ages. The Romans encountered many wars and battles, they didn’t win all of their battles; however, they’ve learned through their failures to improve upon the progress of their society. In 264 BC to 146 BC the Romans were involved in a prolonged war with the Carthaginians, known as the Punic War. (Chris Scarre, 24-25) The word Punic comes from theRead MoreThe Roman And Greek Civilization940 Words   |  4 PagesIt is truly fascinating how two different civilizations could fabricate almost every inch of society as long as humans can remember for thousands of years into the future and beyond. From the calendar and toilet to modern roads and concrete, both the Roman and Greek civilization terraformed the world and our homes. Both civilizations also introduced a wider variety of religion, mathematics, science, art and architecture concepts, machinery, military technology and strategy, astronomy, agricultureRead MoreModel Essay Comparison Essay Post-Classical Civilizations1304 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion: With the collapse of the classical civilizations, post-classical civilizations arose shortly thereafter. C ompare the factors that led to the rise post-classical civilizations from 500 CE to 1200CE between two of the following regions- Europe, East Asia, Africa or the Middle East. Model Essay Comparison Essay Post-Classical Civilizations With the collapse of the Roman, Gupta and Han empires, the world was left in a period of chaos with little structure in most areas. However afterRead MoreHistory Paper By Alex Prindle874 Words   |  4 PagesHistory Paper by Alex Prindle The definition of civilization or whether a culture is considered civilized or not has been argued throughout the course of history. Groups such as the Mongols, the ethnic groups surrounding the Roman Empire, and just about every group of people not part of a large, unified, strong empire in ancient history especially, has been thought of by their â€Å"superior† empire peoples as barbaric and uncivilized. Through the comparison of Tacitus’s Germania, and Sima Qian’s Account

Computerized Payroll free essay sample

Nowadays all the establishment are becoming modernized, they use modern technologies to make their transaction fast, easy, and accurate in order to avoid waste of time and for the sake of safety and security. It also helps human to solve and understand complex problem and analysis such us the computational needs of human. Especially to business establishment or corporation processing enormous data and complex transaction. Payroll is an example of a complex transaction because it is a critical business operation dealing with numerous accounts and produce plenty and confidential files. Payroll is encompasses every employee of a company receives a regular wages or other compensation due to each. Applying manual procedure on a payroll transaction involving the vast beat answer in that problem would be computer because computers can simulate enormous data and can process complex transaction in a fast and efficient way. It can generate numerous accounts and data accurately. A computerized Payroll System will not only provide accurate calculations and fast process of Payroll transaction but it will secure data through security implementations and accordingly arrange files provided by a well-designed database that will produce a paperless environment. Conceptual Framework Every employee needs to be paid for the services he provides. For this to happen, the employer must have a payroll system in place. Without it, chaos occurs, as employees will become upset if their checks are inaccurate (or worse, if they dont get paid) due to a haphazard payroll structure. So obviously, there are benefits to be derived from using a payroll system. A payroll system is the method used by payroll professionals to pay employees for their services. Regardless of the type of system used, there are basic INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT Feedback Figure1. Computerized Payroll System Conceptual Paradigm As shown in the Figure 1. In the previous page the manual payroll operation of A ‘Venture Marketing Corporation encounters problems and inconvenience. In order to solve these, the researchers analyzed the problems, conducted informal interview and survey from the employees and talents gathered information. The output of the study and investigation conducted by the researchers is the Proposed Computerized Payroll System. This covers the regular employees. Statement of the Problem This study aimed to find out the features considered in developing a Computerized Payroll System of A ‘Venture Marketing Corporation. Specially, it sought answers to the following questions: 1. What are the advantages of the proposed system? 2. What are the conribution of the Proposed Computerized Payroll System to company? 3. How is the user acces to program in the terms of the folowing: a. Reliability b. User-Friendliness c. Accuracy d. Speed e. Security Scope and Limitations The study covered the designing of the system that would improve the quality of service rendered by the A ‘Venture Marketing Corporation. This study included the making of more efficient system in the sense of handling their data and modernization of employee list. The study was limited to the selected Employee List. The selected employees are fifth teen (15). Significance of the Study Accounting Department – Since the accounting department who compute and record the salary of the employee, using the system will enable them to do their task faster and more accurate. Employee – This study will accurately compute the salary of their regular employees. This includes the deductions, gross pay and net pay. This will provide an excellent service due to faster and more accurate transactions. To the Company – This study will make the company to become more competitive. It can give them confidence because the use of a modern tool such as computerization will help them in running their business more efficiently. Definition of terms Reliability – it is likelihood of a computer system for device-continuing of function over a given period of time and under specified conditions. User-friendliness – it is the attribute of the system, which allows easy interaction between the user and the software. Accuracy – the condition or quality of being true. Speed – it is the capacity of handli9ng and processing data in easier time. Security – securing the data of the researchers. CHAPTER 2 Review of the Literature LOCAL LITERATURE The success of any business, large or small, chiefly depends on the ability and efficiency of the person in its role. People are hired to do the jobs to attain the objectives of the business. People make use of many, materials, and machines to produce goods and render services. Jobs differ and require a wide variety of skills, knowledge and ability. (Ong. 2004) According to Esquinda (2004), the system should be capable of producing reports even at short notice. The time spent for data gathering and record producing reports even at short notice. The time spent for data gathering and record counting will be much reduced by computerization to report generation should at most take three minutes per reports. All data into the system should be accurate to ensure that all information being produced are reliable and can be use will be manifested in the accuracy of the output of the system generates. Hence, the reports produced by the system; especially the statistical produced per year. For example, there should be no instance of error. Jollibee Foods Corporations was cited as â€Å"Asia’s† Most Admired Companies by Asian Business Magazine. Top Company’s since it is regarded as in the Philippines and one of the number one retail and Customers Companies in Asia; therefore it is operates the largest fast food chain in the Philippines, which is Jollibee. It is reported to have annual revenue of P198 billion on December 31, 2000; it now owns and franchises approximately 150 restaurants under the Jollibee, Greenwich, Chowking and Delifrance brands. According to Mr. Ernesto Tanmationg, Executive Vice President of Jollibee, â€Å"The computer software has the functionality and features that will help Jollibee achieve its goal to improve customers service, increase sales and reduce coasts†. Also, Mr. Norman Tsui a Sweda’s Chairman and Executive stated â€Å"We are extremely pleased that Jollibee has selected Companies for its restaurants. A number of restaurants operations, both multinational and regional, have incorporated Companies as integral parts of its successful system strategies. Mr. Ricardo M. Harina, stated that database is an organized collection of information, such as the list of names, addresses and sales transactions. The present study in like manner process data in terms of sales and stock inventory. Alcuaz (1988) said that the use of computer could increase efficiency, enhance productivity, create competitive advantage, and improved profitability. Computer helps increase the productivity of people. This is true whether they are working alone or working with other within a formal organization such as business cooperative. The state of the computer industry in government is described by William Torres in the following statement. â€Å"We anticipate that as a result of the government initiative, computerization in government will move into high gear†. (Manila 1984) FOREIGN LITERATURE The global business economy operates tear-round, without regard to time, location, geographic, boundaries, language, or culture. For any business to succeed, it must create a technology platform and infrastructure that operate on the same way. This has given rise to the notion of ubiquitous computing- computing and technology support anytime, anywhere, with access to all needed information and all business partners always, both internal and external to the organization. Ubiquitous computing is not so much the technology; it is a concept about the technology, stressing that technology should enable you work anywhere and anytime. To support the trend toward ubiquitous computing the concepts of decentralized computing and shared information are very important. According to James O’ Brien. â€Å" In the developed countries, the computer is being utilized at its maximum capacity. They are getting the fields. Names of data fields and the type to be stored in each field are identified in the structured of the database. (Database III plus Handbook, p. 9). Laudon (1998) stated in their book, â€Å"Powerful computers software and networks have helped organizations become more flexible, eliminate layers of management, separate works from location, and structure work flows, giving new powers both to line workers and management. An effective information system is provides users with timely; accurate and relevant information is stored in computer files. When the files are properly arranged and maintained, users can easily access and retrieved the information they used†. Neil Graham stated that today, computers are almost everywhere. Small businesses have their own computers. Many professionals like doctors, lawyers, and engineers use computers in their field of works. Access to computers is not only relevant issue in the proposed system. The design of the user interface will be widely accepted by prospective users. Edward Yourdon, in the books â€Å"Modern Structured Analysis â€Å"said, â€Å"Your system should request inputs and produced outputs in consistent fashion. This is particularly true for system where the users can enter several transaction several displays†. (p. 393) Likewise, Sheridan C. Briggs Jr. also stated that â€Å"Computer-based† records are faster and much more accurate than manually based records. When a computer records is supposed to be added accurately and the computer has been correctly programmed, the record is added correctly†. (Biggs, The Changing Economics of Public Accounting Profession†1987) LOCAL STUDIES Cagayan De Oro City Hall Computerize Payroll System The City Accounting Department has introduced an upgraded computerized payroll system for permanent employees in a bid to improve its services and maximize resources. â€Å"This project, which was conceived two years ago, basically aims to improve our services particularly in the processing of payrolls for permanent employees,† City Accountant Wilma Polley-Rugay told payroll in-charge of the different departments and offices at City Hall during a briefing and orientation on the concept of the one-month payroll system held Friday last week at the City Council session hall in Cagayan de Oro City. With the added features of the new computerized payroll system, Rugay hoped that the preparation, processing and payment of payroll system to permanent employees would be hastened and fast-tracked. Rugay stressed that the adoption of the one-month payroll system is also beneficial, not only to the City Accounting Department, but also to the payroll-in-charge as it would save time, energy and resources. â€Å"Employees who handle payroll preparation and processing can now attend to other office needs and concerns as the new payroll system will lessen their workload,† she added. Under the new payroll system, preparation and processing of payroll, which reflects the accrued amount payable every 15th and 30th day of the month, is done only once. Unlike the time-consuming old payroll system, preparation and processing of payroll is done twice a month covering the first half and second half of the month. It may be recalled that Mayor Constantino Jaraula ordered last week the adoption of the new computerized payroll system which is expected to take effect starting the month of October (www. misamisprobe. wordpress. com, 2007). Computerized Payroll System of Department of Health (DOH) The Computerized Payroll System is a window based program especially designed to facilitate and simplify the monthly preparation of general payroll and related reports such as Standard computerized payroll system for use in all DOH offices. It allows faster and more accurate computation of monthly gross income, deductions and net salary, less-resource-consuming generation of General Payroll and other payroll related reports and security and integrity of payroll data and information. The features of computerized payroll system of DOH are graphical user interface interactive and menu-driven program, systematic maintenance and retrieval of employee records. It is flexible as it provides options to include additional fields for other compensation and deductions unique to an office or unit and could do automatic computation of monthly net income, GSIS, PAG-IBIG, Withholding Tax and other deductions, Y2K compliant, Fast and easy generation of the General Payroll and all other payroll related reports which include Monthly reports like GSIS and PAG-IBIG remittances, Denominations Report and Leave Credits Report and annual Year-end Tax Reports. It has password security to ensure the integrity of data. General payroll reports such as Payroll Summary sheet, Pay slip, Leave Credits Report, Withholding Tax Statement (W-2), BIR Remittance Reports, GSIS Remittance Reports, PAG-IBIG Remittance Reports, Other User-defined Reports (PERA, ACA, PNB, etc.. ) could be generated by this system. (www2. doh. gov. ph). Infinitech PAYROLL Philippines is a powerful client-server based Payroll system basically designed to fit any type of business in the Philippines, complete with the government features deduction such as SSS, Pag-ibig, PhilHealth and tax tables. It helps the business process and maintains all payroll related reports. Now with Infinitech Payroll System, submission of monthly, quarterly and year-end government mandated contribution is just a matter of mouse click and the product will definitely give infinite and flexible features that will fit any operation. Antonio Ballesteros Jr. in this study of System Analysis Design, â€Å"There are more companies that rely on manual system because the software they’ve been using is not actually suited in the services they deliver or it does not support the needs of their company†. (Ballesteros,2001 pp1-2). Balleza et. al. (2002) stated in their study that the advent of computer changed the way other people. Generally, computers made man’s execution of his job easier with just a push button, complicated task are accomplished with ease and within a very short time. Use of computers also increased productivity by maximizing accuracy and efficiency. Balleza idea was relevant to the present study because it emphasize that the computerization make processing of data easier and the same idea that this study wants to pursue that the proposed Computer Based Marketing System of Unlimited Drinks Inc. , Chowking, Sta. Ana make its processing of data easier and faster. On the present study, users were encouraged to rely on the proposed computerized system for it suited their needs promoted good services with more advantages in proposed system. A study done by Mustafa (1990) dealt with the computer marketing management of the selected customer goods manufacturing companies. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis Adamson University, 1990). Foreign Studies Titus Information Payroll System Payroll System designed to produce payroll checks with appropriate withholdings, benefits, allowances, and deductions for employees in multiple companies, departments, and/or sub-departments. It has been designed to handle up to 1,000,000 employees in 100 companies, 1,000 departments in each company, and 36 sub-departments in each department. Some of the features and benefits of the Payroll System are multiple cost centers for payroll reporting, will handle special non-taxable benefits for ministers, flexible withholding capability, ability to split payroll expense between different cost centers, complete governmental reporting; FICA, FUTA, SUTA, Workmans Compensation, W-2s, and 1099s, Payroll check reversal, One check capability, Salaried, hourly, and contract employees in the same payroll run, Combined processing for weekly, bi-weekly, semi-monthly, or monthly, Taxable and non-taxable benefits and deductions, Multiple hourly rates for each employee, General ledger interface, Check list UFD file for check reconciliation, Extensive personnel information for each employee, Accrual of sick, vacation, and holiday hours, Flexible federal, state, and local taxation, Multiple company, department, and sub-department capability, Flexible benefit and deduction capability, Easy federal, state, and local tax table maintenance, Split income over multiple companies, departments, sub-departments, Payroll accrual/reversal capabilities, Time card data entry function, Special message function for printing on check stubs. (Www. titusinformationsystems. com) Canadian Payroll System Sage Accpac Canadian Payroll is a flexible module that gives you complete control over employee earnings and benefits, special payroll situations and government reporting, ensuring that your companys payroll requirements and personnel policies are accurate to the penny. You can enter or import timecards, enter after-the-fact paycheques, run automatic calculations or even combine all three methods to get your pay data into the system and your paycheques deployed on time. Payroll handles all pay frequencies; multiple work states; unlimited earnings, deductions, benefits and taxes; and other pay factors such as expense reimbursements, accruals and advances. (www. 2020software. com) Zenith Bank Plc. Automated Payroll System Services Payroll is an electronic salary solution designed by Zenith bank to effect fast and timely salary payment to staff of all our corporate clients/customers. Some Features are Client should have a corporate account with Zenith Bank. Client should send the payment schedule electronically in the specified format to the designated Zenith Bank e-mail address. The payment schedule could include payment to Zenith and non-Zenith customers. Where the bank has approved a credit facility in favour of a participating distributor, the distributor would have access to more funding for its business. The account number to be debited and the effective date of the payment must be clearly stated. This must be a letter headed paper from the corporate (www. zenithbank. com). INFONETICS Payroll System The PAYROLL SYSTEM is used to maintain a list of employees’ names, addresses and employment information and is used to interactively calculate and print payroll checks. Employees’ hours are entered and distributed to appropriate Department/cost centers. Annualized tax tables are then used to automatically compute deductions before the check is printed on bank stock. Monthly and quarterly reports are used to prepare tax filings, and provide analytical information. W-2’s can be generated automatically at year-en (www. infonetx. com, 2009). Technology is constantly changing and it is important to make sure the software package is capable of handling the current and future demands of the company. One of the greatest challenges companies face is purchasing software best suited for their business and replacing payroll software can be one of the most challenging. The responsibility for selecting and evaluating new payroll software packages software often time falls on the Payroll or Human Resources Department. Due to improper planning and time constrains, many companies find themselves scrambling to find a payroll software package at the last time minute to satisfy the needs of the company without involving a tremendous learning curve. Professor Osterheld invented the accounting information system which is the system of records a business keeps to maintain its accounting system. This includes the purchase, sales, and other financial processes of the business. The purpose of AIS is to accumulate data and provide decision makers(investors, creditors, and managers) with information to make decision while this was previously a paper-based process; most modern businesses now use accounting software such as UBS,MYOB etc. Information System personnel need knowledge of database management and programming language such as C,C++,JAVA and SQL as all software is basically built from platform or database. (McGraw-Hill,2007). Chapter 3 Research Methodology Study is â€Å"a process of scientific thinking that leads to the discovery or establishment of new knowledge or truth. It is not subjective expression if ideas or opinion. † It has several methodologies to be followed to a conduct a research. Research Design This study use for the probability type of sampling as the researcher have determine specific numbers of respondents who will be included in the sample. The respondent of the study will be the employees (15), employees of the A ‘Venture Marketing Corporation. Respondent of the Study The survey questionnaire and interview will be answer by the: Employee They are the future beneficiary of the study. The researcher did this because the researchers want to help the accounting department of the company to lessen their work in doing the payroll process. Data Gathering Procedures Scientific Method: 1. Precise statement of the problem. 2. Careful attention to detail. 3. Objectively on making observation. 4. Precision in analyzing data and reporting results. 5. Use of mathematical and statistical techniques. 6. Systematic, logical plan for solving problems. 7. Evaluation of result. 8. Readjustment of system to bring it more in lines of objectives. Data Gathering and Instrument In gathering date we use some instrument to accumulate and manipulate data such as much as possible. The instruments we use are questionnaire, observation and interview method. 1. Questionnaire Method Weuse this instrument to gather data by formulating several questions related to inventory system with the space provided for indicating the response to each question, intended for submission to a number of people for reply. 2. Observation Method We based our observation on our experience; usually researcher’s does not rely merely on opinion but also in this case. We can ensure that it can never be opinionated in the part of the result of the research. The pertinent event we experience though there is no objective observation guide use we assume being the researcher does not give only our opinion but also we presumed to be a first-hand information source. 3. Interview Method Another method we use is the interview method where we conduct verbal interaction betweenthe interview or respondents,specifically the unstructred or unstandardized interview in the researcher can modify,repeat,Elicidate the questions asked may follow up the responses of the interviewee without of course deviating from the purposes of the interview. In selecting sample size of population to be asked with our prepared questionaire we uses a sample technique to be our guidline, known as the random sampling. Random sampling is a method of selecting a sample size from universe such that each member of the population has an equal chance of included in the sample and all possible combinations of the size has an equal chance of selected as sample (Weirsma , 1975). Because through this, it can gives every members of the population to be a sample. Abiding also with theire principles, which are equi-probability and independence. Equi-probability means that every member of the population has an equal chance of being include in sample. Independence means that when one member selected for the sampling this should not affect the chances for the other members getting chosen. Statistical Treatment of Data The following statistical tools are to be used in the Treatment and analysis of data. 1. Percentage – This is use to establish the profile of the Respondents of the study and answer sub problem. Its formlula is as follows: F P = x 100 N Where P = Percentage (%) F = Frequency N = Total number of Respondents 2. Weighted Mean – The process of finding, which is reffered to as the central tendency was used. The formula is given below: (wx) X = ? N Where x= weighted mean w= weighted factor ?= sum of N = total number of respondents X= score The Researchers will use the â€Å"Likert Scale† to determine the level of the security and safety procedure with regards to the customer’s safety. A criterion that serves as the basis of interpretation of the results of the study was employed for the concept of rounding numeral. RateVerbal InterpretationRange 5Highly Implemented4. 51-5. 00 4Implemented3. 51-4. 50 3Moderately Implemented2. 51-3. 50 2Fairly Implemented1. 51-2. 50 1Not Implemented1. 00-1. 50 System Flow Chart

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass

Table of Contents Introduction Frederick Douglass’ main arguments against slavery Conclusion: The basis of the argument Works Cited Introduction In the history of America as a nation, there lies the dark truth about slavery that has left scars in those that suffered its effects. To the then perpetrators of slavery, the whites, it has left a shameful mark that America will ever live to regret of.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay focuses on a narrative by Frederick Douglass who was formerly a slave. The narrative shows the negativity of slavery and its consequential effects, and champions for its abolishment. The book, ‘Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass’ is both an indictment of slavery and a call to action for its abolition (Lecture Notes 1). Frederick Douglass’ main arguments against sla very Douglass writes the narrative out of experience in slavery. He states that slavery is the worst thing that ever happened to America and has its effects even in this present age. His narration is with a deep sigh of regret as to why he had to pass through that especially when he was very young. The death and separation from his mother at a very tender age saddens him very much. He is believed to have had a white father, a fact that acts as a proof of some negative things that the slaves had to experience. This in itself explains that the slaves, especially the women suffered rape from the slave holders who took them in by force (Douglass, â€Å"Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass† 1). Douglass had to witness the whipping of his aunt, a thing that he looks back with great pity. The slaves were brutally treated, being beaten day in day out with no good reason. They had to do donkeys work with an accompaniment of strokes. The description given by Douglass to the tort urous treatment of the slaves clearly shows his hatred and condemnation of slavery together with those who practiced it. A description of how the slaves operated especially when they interacted with their masters is also given. They had a lot of inferiority complex due to the ill treatment they received from the white people. They therefore walked in a lot of fear to the brutal masters. They literally feared the whites since they had no say before them (Murrin 98). For instance, the slaves were seen to be liars even if they told the truth. This worsened the situation of the slaves since they felt segregated. The fear therefore acted as a tool that protected the slaves from brutality and even death (Douglass â€Å"Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass† 1).Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Douglass critically outlines the several events of extreme brutality to the slaves. They were being treated as beasts yet they were human beings just like the whites. This is very inhuman since every human being has a right which they should freely enjoy. Everybody should have the right to learn freely but this opportunity is denied to the slaves. The slave holders argued that the slaves should not at all know how to read or write. They ought not to even know how to read the Bible which is God’s Word. It is so ironical since God intends that all should read and know his Word but the slaves are denied that chance. They give the reason that their knowledge from reading or writing will disqualify them as slaves. Slavery is therefore portrayed by Douglass as a crime and its perpetrators ought to face justice. For instance, Douglass narrates his story when he moved to Baltimore. He was happy of this because he knew that it was an end to the life of slavery. It marked a new beginning in his life but on the contrary, his efforts to learn even the simple alphabets are w atered down by a White man who believed that the slaves would lose their positions by reading, and especially the Bible. The slaves were also treated among the property that a slave holder owned alongside things like livestock. This is a thing that makes Douglass to once more completely hate slavery. This is because when his master died, Douglass together with the other slaves was left and they were all to be divided between the late master’s son and daughter as assets left for inheritance. Douglass’ hatred towards this kind of treatment reveals that the act is bad and not fit for human beings. The slaves were also denied food on some occasion by their masters. Douglass reveals this when he narrates showing his happiness when he was lent out to another white man since he was sure of being fed. It implies that he received no food from his initial master despite the fact that he worked so hard throughout (Douglass, â€Å"The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro† 1 ). At the new master’s home, his expectations are thwarted. He works under tough conditions and does heavy tasks with little appreciation. As if that is not enough, he receives whips almost every day just because he is a slave. The suffering he undergoes day in day out makes him even collapse in the fields while working. This makes him to reach the point of no return. He therefore chooses to heat back by engaging his master in a fight. All this that transpires is a clear indication that Douglass completely hated slavery and was a campaigner of its abolition. After such a long time of perseverance, the heating back at his master shows that he seeks revenge against the perpetrators of slavery. It shows that he is willing and very ready to do anything to abolish and totally terminate the reign of this inhuman practice.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is further supported by the efforts of Douglass together with other friends to escape from the plantation where they were all slaves. Unfortunately, they are seized and for this reason, Douglass is jailed. This is a sign of self sacrifice in order to see to it that slavery has been totally abolished. He risks his life to the point of even going to jail (Douglass, â€Å"Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass† 1). Douglass’ efforts to resist slavery simply showed that the abolition of this dehumanizing character is possible. This is evidenced by the response of the slave master who was torturing Douglass until he fought back. The slave master stopped whipping Douglass after the fight. The slavery can end if there will be people who are bold enough to resist it. This is the message that is seemingly being passed across. Douglass was proving the fact that the slave masters will give in to pressure against slavery if the activists against slaver y do not give up in their struggle for freedom. This is further supported by Douglass’ final success to freedom. He at last managed to escape from the slave rule with the help of some of his friends. With a combined effort, it is very possible to terminate slave rule or such like types of torture in any given society (Murrin 103). Conclusion: The basis of the argument Douglass brings out his arguments in the narrative very clearly proving that slave practice is a crime which should be abolished. He bases his argument on the platforms of both religion and morality. In his speech dubbed the ‘The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro’, Douglass says it is acknowledged that the slave is a being who can be trusted with responsibility, he is moral and intellectual. This proves the moral grounds that Douglass takes a stand on to argue out his facts. He says that the manhood of one who is a slave is agreed upon meaning that it is a global agreement that slaves are human b eings like any other despite the race (Douglass, â€Å"Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass† 1). On religious grounds, Douglass brings out his arguments using the story of the Bible where the children of Israel had been taken into exile by the Babylonians. The Israelites lament when they remember their home city Zion and refuse to sing a song in this foreign land contrary to what those who had taken them captive expected.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This marks their grief about their captivity. Douglass thus compares this with the situation that faced them as slaves in the land that was not their own too, as he tries to explain to his audience what encompassed them as slaves. He sides with God and other slaves are wounded to condemn the slavery perpetuators, something that is both sinful and shameful. This clearly points out the religious ground that Douglass bases some of his argument (Douglass, â€Å"The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro† 1). Works Cited Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. 2011. Web. Douglass, Frederick. The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro. 5 Jul. 1852. Web. http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/douglassjuly4.html. Murrin, John, et al. Liberty, Equality, Power: A History of the American People. Vol. 1- 1877. 5th ed. Boston, MA: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2008. Print. Lecture Notes. This essay on Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass was written and submitted by user Morbius to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Attaching Pronouns to Verbs

Attaching Pronouns to Verbs Spanish pronouns and verbs are usually written as separate words when adjacent. But there are three instances where object pronouns can or must be attached to the verbs they accompany, making the written form of verbpronoun appear as a single word. Reasons To Attach Pronouns Here are some examples of verbs and pronouns being combined, with the pronouns shown in boldface: Quiero comprarlo. (I want to buy it. Comprar and lo are listed as separate words in dictionaries.) ¡Olvà ­dalo! (Forget it! Olvida and lo are usually separate words.)Seguirn comprndolo aà ±o tras aà ±o. (They will keep on buying it year after year.) ¡Bà ©same ahora! (Kiss me now!)Me lo llevo a casa para estudiarlo. (I am taking it home to study it.)No puedo verla. (I cant see it.) As you might be able to infer from these examples, the three types of verb forms that object pronouns can be attached to are these: Infinitives (the form of the verb that ends in -ar, -er or -ir).Gerunds (the form of the verb that ends in -ando or -endo).Affirmative commands (but not negative ones). In all cases, the pronunciation of the verb with the pronoun attached is the same as if they were separate words. But in writing, an accent is sometimes required, as in some of the above examples, with gerunds and affirmative commands, to make certain that the accent remains on the correct syllable. It also is possible to attach two object pronouns to a single verb: Puedes decà ­rmelo. (You can say it to me.) In such cases, the accent is always necessary. Pronouns Attached to Infinitives When an infinitive is used with another verb, the pronoun or pronouns can be attached to the infinitive but dont have to be. In such cases, the pronoun or pronouns can come before or after the verbinfinitive. In the following examples, either form is acceptable: Lo quiero comprar. Quiero comprarlo. (I want to buy it.)Me hizo leerlo. Me lo hizo leer. (She made me read it.)Espero verte. Te espero ver. (I hope to see you)Las voy a estudiar. Voy a estudiarlas. (I am going to study them.)Lo tengo que comer. Tengo que comerlo. (I have to eat it.)No lo puedo comprender. No puedo comprenderlo. (I cant understand it.)Lo detesto saber. Detesto saberlo. (I hate knowing it.) Note how these forms dont require a written accent. The stress of an infinitive is always on the last syllable, and all the personal pronouns end in a vowel or s, putting the stress on the next-to-last syllable anyway. When an infinitive is used as a noun- such as when it follows a preposition or is used as the subject of a sentence- attachment of the pronoun is required: Conocerte es amarte. (To know you is to love you.)Una manera muy simple de comprenderlo es observarlo. (A very simple way of understanding it is to observe it.)Pulsa sobre la fotografà ­a para verme con mi nueva familia. (Click on the photograph to see me with my new family.)Mi mayor miedo es conocerme a mà ­ mismo. (My biggest fear is knowing my very self.)No hay razà ³n para ofenderos. (There is no reason for offending you.) Pronouns Attached to Gerunds The rules for gerunds are similar to those for infinitives. When a gerund is used preceded by another verb, the pronoun can be placed before the other verb but not between the other verb and the gerund. When a gerund stands by itself, the pronoun typically is attached. Some examples: La estoy buscando. Estoy buscndola. (I am looking for it.)Seguirà © estudindolo. Lo seguirà © estudiando. (I will keep on studying it.)Leyà ©ndolo, tendrs à ©xito. (By reading it youll be successful.)Nos estn dominando. Estn dominndonos. (They are dominating us.) Note the use of written accents with the gerund. Pronouns Attached to Affirmative Commands Object pronouns typically are placed attached to affirmative commands (a command in which someone is told to do something), but before negative commands (a command in which an adverb of negation, usually no, is used). Some examples:  ¡Cà ³melo! (Eat it!) ¡No lo comas! (Dont eat it!)Mà ­renme. (Look at me.)No me miren. (Dont look at me.)Està ºdiala. (Study it.)No la estudie. (Dont study it.)

9 consejos a turistas para comprar vivienda en EEUU

9 consejos a turistas para comprar vivienda en EEUU Si est pensando en  comprar una vivienda en Estados Unidos pero le preocupa porque tiene estatus de turista, bien porque ha ingresado con una visa de esa categorà ­a o bien sin visa, por ser ciudadano de un paà ­s incluido en el Programa de Exencià ³n de Visados,  tiene que saber que no sà ³lo es posible sino que es relativamente fcil.  Ã‚   En este artà ­culo se resuelven las dudas ms frecuentes,  desde tipo de propiedad a cà ³mo financiar la compra y cà ³mo entender correctamente las opciones migratorias reales para obtener una tarjeta de residencia permanente en Estados Unidos por inversià ³n en un bien raà ­z. 1.- ¿Quà © tipo de inmuebles  se pueden comprar en EE.UU.  con estatus de turista? Casas, fincas rà ºsticas y condominios, conocidos estos à ºltimos popularmente como condos. En cuando a los  apartamentos en rà ©gimen de  co-ops, es ms complicado adquirirlos, a menos que se trate de cooperativas que se administran siguiendo reglas de los condos. La razà ³n del problema radica en  que para comprar un co-op es necesario, como regla general, tener los ingresos y la mayorà ­a del patrimonio en Estados Unidos, requisito que no se da en la mayorà ­a de los casos de turistas extranjeros temporalmente en el paà ­s. 2.- ¿Se necesita tener todo el dinero en efectivo o asegurar financiacià ³n en el paà ­s de origen? No, ni lo uno ni lo otro. Los bancos de Estados Unidos pueden financiar siempre y cuando se adelante un porcentaje importante en concepto de pago inicial, conocido en inglà ©s como  down payment. El porcentaje puede variar de banco a banco y, tambià ©n, de estado a estado. Por ejemplo, en la ciudad de Nueva York puede ser necesario abonar el 30 por ciento, en Miami el 50 y en zonas de Texas entre el 25 y el 30 por ciento pero estas cantidades pueden variar segà ºn las circunstancias de cada caso. Adems, los bancos que financian suelen exigir garantà ­as adicionales como un depà ³sito suficiente para cubrir todos los pagos de la hipoteca de un aà ±o, ms seguros y gastos del inmueble. Tambià ©n se debe tener en cuenta que dentro de Estados Unidos hay una gran diferencia entre estados en lo que se paga como impuesto a las ventas de bienes y servicios  e incluso condados y municipalidades. Este es un dato importante ya que puede suponer un importante gasto con el que no se contaba. 3.- ¿Cul es la mejor forma de encontrar una vivienda para comprar? Contratando a un agente inmobiliario, conocido en inglà ©s como broker. La gran ventaja para el comprador es que no va a pagarle por sus servicios ya que la comisià ³n corre de cuenta del vendedor. Si à ©ste cuenta con su propio broker, en el momento de la venta los dos agentes se dividirn entre ellos las ganancias por sus servicios de intermediario. Adems, si necesitas financiacià ³n el broker puede ponerte en contacto con el banco con el que habitualmente trabajan. 4.- ¿Cunto tiempo puede demorarse la tramitacià ³n de la compra? Una vez que has encontrado el inmueble que deseas comprar, la tramitacià ³n del cierre de la operacià ³n puede hacerse en tan poco como 30 dà ­as. No es necesario estar presente en Estados Unidos durante toda la tramitacià ³n, ya que puedes otorgar un poder notarial, conocido en inglà ©s como  power of attorney,  a un representante. 5.- ¿Puede  girarse todo el dinero que quiera a EEE.UU. para comprar bienes raà ­ces? Desde el punto de vista de USA, sà ­. Si bien las autoridades estudian la procedencia y legalidad del dinero. Adems, debe cumplirse con todas las obligaciones impuestas por el paà ­s de origen del comprador  para transferencias internacionales de dinero y pago de impuestos. 6.- ¿Hay que pagar impuestos por la propiedad que se compra en Estados Unidos? Si se  vende y se gana con la operacià ³n, hay que pagar el impuesto correspondiente. En cuanto al porcentaje va a depender del tipo de acuerdo fiscal entre el paà ­s del comprador y Estados Unidos, si es que hay  alguno firmado. Tambià ©n es posible no pagar si con la venta se financia la compra de una nueva propiedad. Por el contrario, si la vivienda se dedica a alquiler, es necesario   declarar impuestos anualmente en la forma de income tax en EE.UU. Para ello, si no se tiene un Nà ºmero del Seguro Social emitido por las autoridades de Estados Unidos, debe sacarse un nà ºmero fiscal que se conoce como  un ITIN. Es conveniente informarse con un fiscalista porque si se est pagando hipoteca es posible que no exista la obligacià ³n de pagar  durante al menos los diez primeros aà ±os siguientes a la compra. En todo caso, aunque no existiera la obligacià ³n de pagar, sà ­ que hay la de hacer la declaracià ³n de impuestos y presentarla anualmente el 15 de abril o antes. 7.- ¿Por quà © es recomendable crear una sociedad que figure como propietaria del inmueble? Para evitar pagar impuesto de sucesià ³n cuando fallece el propietario de la vivienda, que puede ser muy alto. Pero si el propietario es una LLC, es decir, una  sociedad limitada,  de la que se es accionista junto con una Corporacià ³n Extranjera, en inglà ©s conocida como  Foreign Corporation, entonces despuà ©s del fallecimiento del propietario los herederos no tienen que pagar nada por recibir ese inmueble. Es muy conveniente tratar este asunto con un abogado especialista en este tipo de asuntos. 8.- ¿Puede obtenerse la  tarjeta de residencia por comprar una propiedad en EE.UU.? No, la compra de un inmueble, aunque sea muy caro, no est contemplado en la actualidad como uno de los caminos para obtener la residencia permanente, tambià ©n conocida como green card o tarjeta verde.   Sin embargo, sà ­ que es posible sacar la green card con una inversià ³n a travà ©s del programa EB-5, pero implica muchas ms cosas y no una simple compra de uno o varios inmuebles, por muy caros que estos sean. Tampoco sirve una mera inversià ³n inmobiliaria  como base para poder solicitar con à ©xito la visa E-2 de inversià ³n. Sin embargo, si se convierte en negocio a dicha inversià ³n, entonces podrà ­a servir. En todo caso, los turistas que son propietarios de una vivienda en Estados Unidos  no pueden trabajar ni permanecer continuamente en Estados Unidos y deben respetar su condicià ³n migratoria para evitar una cancelacià ³n de la visa. Por ejemplo, no se puede ser una carga pà ºblica. Eso quiere decir, entre otras cosas, que hay que pagar las facturas mà ©dicas y  no enviar a los hijos con una visa de turista a estudiar a una escuela de primaria o secundaria pà ºblica. Si desean estudiar, deben obtener una visa F-1 de estudiante. Estar en Estados Unidos con la visa incorrecta puede dar lugar a la revocacià ³n de la que se tiene e, incluso, a la cancelacià ³n de la visa de los padres que consienten una violacià ³n migratoria. 9.-Origen de los extranjeros que compran propiedades en Estados Unidos En un sà ³lo aà ±o, los turistas extranjeros invirtieron $82,5 billones (mil millones) en propiedades en Estados Unidos, comprando, principalmente,  Ã‚  en los estados de Florida, California, Nueva York, Texas y Arizona. Los extranjeros que efectuaron  ms compras fueron los canadienses, que prefieren comprar en Arizona y Texas, seguidos de los chinos, si bien los rusos son los que hacen las compras ms caras. Argentinos, colombianos, venezolanos y brasileà ±os destacan tambià ©n entre los grandes compradores, siendo Florida el estado donde ms invierten. Consejos para disfrutar Estados Unidos como turista Estados Unidos es el segundo paà ­s del mundo que recibe ms turistas, sà ³lo sobrepasado por Francia. Sin embargo, es el paà ­s donde los turistas gastan ms dinero en compras. Para los turistas que disfrutan comprando ropa y accesorios de marca,  las sample sales para comprar a precios rebajados  en Nueva York son un destino a tener en cuenta. Por el contrario, para los que quieren disfrutar de las grandes atracciones de Estados Unidos, estas son las 10 ms visitadas. De interà ©s migratorio para todos los turistas Estas  20 causas que pueden dar lugar a que la visa no se apruebe o no se renueve  e, incluso, a que al llegar al control migratorio sirven de base para que el oficial de Inmigracià ³n niegue el ingreso del turista extranjero a los Estados Unidos. Desde el punto de vista migratorio, el principal consejo es evitar problemas. Para ello se recomienda tomar este  test de respuestas mà ºltiples. Frecuentemente, los  grandes problemas migratorios y en el paso de aduanas tienen su origen en ignorancias pequeà ±as. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Addiction can self discipline help Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Addiction can self discipline help - Essay Example The human being primarily desires relationships. In the absence of wholesome relationships the heart remains unfulfilled. We are created to receive satisfaction and joy through interaction and attachment with others.When we are denied these an emotional hole remains which we endeavour to fulfil through other non-relational or relational means, which could be dysfunctional. Sometimes these coping mechanisms could remain harmless and not cause substantial damage to the person's lifestyle. When these coping mechanisms become dangerous and beyond control, they turn into addiction.Experts differ on the use of the term 'addiction'. Some would like to limit the use to apply only to cases of drug or alcohol use which have gone beyond acceptable levels. Nevertheless the term 'addiction' is also used to describe out of control behaviour in areas like eating, gambling or sex.This is because it is recognised that in all the above cases the 'addict' engages in behaviour that is directly or indire ctly detrimental to his well being. Often the addict is well aware of the adverse effect of his addictive behaviour, but is unable to stop the behaviour. Addiction is often characterized by a craving for more of the drug or behavior, increased physiological tolerance to exposure, and withdrawal symptoms in the absence of the stimulus. Many drugs and behaviours that provide either pleasure or relief from pain pose a risk of addiction or dependency (Wikipedia). It is normal to expect the immediate reaction to addiction as one that is judgmental where one tends to lose respect for the person having the problem. This is understandable because a lay person who is confronted with an addict cannot understand the justification for the addict to continue with the addiction. Everyone has heard of alcoholics, but even in an informed age very few sympathize with one. The more natural response is to hold the addict responsible for his addiction and put it down to failure in self discipline. The question that needs to be asked is why is it that certain people have certain addictions while others don't. On the outset it may seem that an alcoholic (for example) has a greater affinity to alcohol than other normal people. The truth is that this greater affinity for alcohol came about because this person has been denied other needs which he is trying to fulfill through his consumption of alcohol. As another example we may take a woman who has a string of disruptive relationships with men. The reason for this could be a dysfunctional relationship with her father where she does not get adequate love from him. She attempts to fulfill this unmet need through her other relationships. Sadly, she can never fulfill that need in the method she adopts because no one can substitute for her father. So she is embroiled in a vicious cycle of search and disappointment, and we have an addict to the search for love (Hart). Unless a focused attempt is made by the person with or without help professional or otherwise to expose the unmet need that is causing the addiction, the relationship between the addiction and its cause remains unknown. In fact most of the time the addict is in denial about his/her pain. This pattern of denial appears to be a response of the mind to the pain or the need in order to make the solution more effective. And this pattern only makes the addiction stronger because the person slips into dependency without being conscious of the need which the addiction is meeting. The more unconscious this relationship the more powerful the addiction (Hart). When we talk about self discipline we are saying that following a practice of abstinence from the addictive behavior will help in reducing the behaviour. There have been cases of men and women with great amount of will power who have successfully abstained and eventually