The Impact of 19th Century European Imperialism in Africa

European Imperialism heavily impacted the African continent through culturally, economic, and political ideas. This era of history is heavily drenched in the aspect of ethnocentrism, which is the belief that one’s own culture is superior that of another. The Europeans colonized Africa believing that they could bring civilization, but they were often ignorant of Africa’s very complex societies. The European powers divided up the continent of Africa among themselves, without any consent from the people who actually lived there. The tribal stratification was changed to a caste system where racial, ethnic, and religious differences were of utmost importance, as delegated by European rule. The structure and business of the African economy was†¦show more content†¦But, the wages for such labor were quite minimal. African laborers were also employed to construct roads and railways for communication, and even yet these jobs provided very inadequate funds for living exp enses and decent survival. The Europeans deeply encouraged the African peasants to grow cash crops, giving them the option to be employed by a European corporation. In an effort to enforce such cash crop principles, the European administrators possessed land ordinances that could introduce major fines or punishment into the peasant’s life. The colonial establishments were soon maintained all over the continent of Africa. Taxation was used to make a profit off the cash crop and it was also used as a method of sustaining the colonial administration. A council of European law-making elitists harnessed the ability to make laws and to supervise the colonies. Labor within the colonial economy was present at all levels with prescribed minimum wage, no matter the physical ability. The image maintained by the European administrators was an extremely censored image of what truly occurred in the African colonies. The realities of the harsh working conditions were maintained within the realms allowed by the law-m aking elitists. The European administrators and law-makers attempted to make positive statements about the African colonies and why the colonial systemShow MoreRelatedThe 19th And 20th Century Imperialism1297 Words   |  6 PagesThe 19th and 20th century imperialism was substantially about the exploitation of the empires colonies and thus was not a necessarily an ‘civilizing mission’. During the 19th and 20th century European powers tried to justify their actions, by claiming that they were trying to re-educate the native population through education, this included Christian missionaries which were placed throughout Asia, Africa and Latin America. However, it became apparent that these powers gained significant wealth byRead MoreEssay on Imperialism: From Europe to The West1514 Words   |  7 PagesEarly in the twentieth century, imperialism was brought up by European powers of the time; Germany, Great Britain, France, and Russia. These nations were after raw materials in Asia, Afric a, and South America and when they realize that they could not retrieve it, they began to colonize smaller counties that contain the many resources they need and used it for their benefit. Western values played a big part in European imperialism. European civilization experienced a period of extraordinary rapidRead MoreInjustice And Power Imbalances Between Africa And Europe1436 Words   |  6 PagesInjustice and Power Imbalances Between Africa and Europe in the 19th-20th Centuries In the late 19th century, Europe was arguably more stable economically and politically than it ever had been in the past. 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By the late 1870’s countriesRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Influence and Consequence of European Imperialism on Africa and China During the 19th Century.748 Words   |  3 Pagesand consequence of European Imperialism on Africa and China during the 19th century. Imperialism is when one country dominates the cultural, economic, and political life of a nation weaker than itself. In the 19th century, Europe was the nation that was dominating both China and Africa. There were quite a few similarities in the way that European imperialism was changing these nations. One important similarity was that both the nations had resisted against British imperialism at one point. HoweverRead MoreEuropean Imperialism in Africa Essays1457 Words   |  6 PagesImperialism By the late 19th and early 20th century, Europe was expanding its borders. In an attempt to grow its economy and culture, Europe’s superpowers began to search for new soil. Africa was an easy target; it wasn’t politically secure and it wasn’t modernized. In addition, it had reliable soil which would enable Europe to produce cash crops. European nations began to pour into Africa, called the Scramble for Africa. Soon, Europe took control of Africa, taking raw materials and destroyed AfricanRead MoreThe Theory Of Biological Evolution1192 Words   |  5 Pagesclarify many notions of nationalism and imperialism. Science played a huge role in the coming about of this new discovery but in reality, the society shaped the science of what it was about. Charles Darwin was the root of new era and was profound to come up with the theory of evolution. His theory had become one the fundamental unifying principles of modern biology and led to questioning in regards to what was previously stated in the past. In the 19th century, the United States and Europe underwentRead MoreThe Influence of Imperialism on Racism818 Words   |  3 PagesThis course is a great opportunity to explore the impact of imperialism. From this course, I learnt that imperialism contributed to the growth of racial discrimination. On one hand, in order to maximize profit by establishing colonies in Africa and Asia, western countries claimed that colored people were inferior and should be subjected to the whites’ control. On the other hand, imperialism led to the occurrences of wars, which caused the whites’ prejudice that black soldiers could not regulate themselvesRead MoreImperialism In The 19Th Century Resulted In European Countries1726 Words   |  7 PagesImperialism in the 19th century resulted in European countries using social Darwinism to justify controlling the social and cultural lives of natives in African countries.When Chinua Achebe published Things fall apart in 1958, a novel criticizi ng the European aspects of imperialism, his aspiration was to teach readers that â€Å"their past-with all its imperfections-was not one long night of savagery from which the first Europeans acting on God’s behalf delivered them†(Chinua Achebe on the Role of theRead MoreEssay on Africa vs European Imperialism841 Words   |  4 PagesDBQ: Imperialism In AfricaAzra Azvar Period 3 2/21/10 Whites vs Blacks In the late 19th and early 20th centuries European imperialism caused its countries to divide up the rest of the world, each country claiming bits as its own. Due to its large amounts of resources, Africa was one of the main areas European nations invaded in the cause if imperialism. In Africa, there were positive and negative effects towards the Africans and the invaders. Some positive effects on Africans were that

Subclinical Atherosclerosis In Children And Obesity Case...

4. Discussion A degree of subclinical atherosclerosis in children and adolescents is related to obesity assessed by BMI [26, 27]. We previously reported that increased BMI is associated with increased cIMT, circulating levels of inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction and other CVD risk factors among schoolchildren aged 10-15 years [28]. The relationship between abdominal obesity and atherosclerosis development has been established among adults [17]. As such, atherosclerotic events could be avoided by preventing abdominal obesity [29]. Given that increased WC has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular events in children and in adults , WC has been used as surrogate markers to evaluate abdominal obesity; [20, 30]. Hence, the†¦show more content†¦The findings of this study show an increase in both SBP and DBP among the HWC group as compared to the MWC and LWC groups. Increased blood pressure (BP) is common among obese children in comparison to non-obese children of all ages [ 34, 35]. Higher BP during childhood can be predictive of sustained hypertension in adulthood [34]. Waist circumference was more positively associated with blood pressure than other anthropometric measures among children [36]. The findings of the present study demonstrate that an increase in WC was correlated with increase in BP. Similar observations were observed in other reports. Duncan et al. [37] reported that WC was associated with hypertension in their cross sectional study that included 445 children and adolescents (10–17 years), in addition Flores-Huerta and colleagues [38] indicated that the prevalence of increased blood pressure and risk of its presenting were significantly higher when using WC than BMI in a sample of 2029 children and adolescents. Our findings revealed that higher WC was significantly correlated with higher levels of TC, TG, LDL and lower levels of HDL. We found a significant correlation between dyslipidemia, and WC after adjusting for age and sex, moreover, significant associations between WC-SDS and HDL, and LDL were reported using multiple linear regression analysis after adjusting for BMI-SDS. ParallelShow MoreRelatedHealth Improvement Strategies For Obesity And The Effect Being Obese Has On Young People2155 Words   |  9 PagesThis essay shall look at the importance of health improvement strategies in relation to obesity and the effect being obese has on young people. In particular the focus shall be on overcoming obesity and reducing the risk of problems it could cause for individuals in later life. There are many health improvement strategies in place for obesity which aim to encourage individuals to lose weight and maintain a healthy lifestyle. I shall be focusing on in particular an app for smartphones calledRead MoreIntroduction to Diseases10781 Words   |  44 Pages OBESITY Obesity means having too much body fat. It is not the same as being overweight, which means weighing too much. A person may be overweight from extra muscle, bone, or water, as well as from having too much fat. Both terms mean that a persons weight is higher than what is thought to be healthy for his or her height. Taking in more calories than you burn can lead to obesity because the body stores unused calories as fat. Obesity can be caused by: †¢Read MoreCase Study Essay33967 Words   |  136 PagesPART ONE Medical-Surgical Cases 1 1 Cardiovascular Cardiovascular Disorders Case Study 1 Heart Failure Difficulty: Beginning Setting: Emergency department, hospital Index Words: heart failure (HF), cardiomyopathy, volume overload, quality of life X Scenario M.G., a â€Å"frequent flier,† is admitted to the emergency department (ED) with a diagnosis of heart failure (HF). She was discharged from the hospital 10 days ago and comes in today stating, â€Å"I just had to come to the hospital today because I

How to Bounce Back from Adversity free essay sample

Give an example of how you turned a negative experience into a positive one. In order to turn a negative experience into a positive one is to counter adversity with resilience; that is taking charge of how we think about adversity. The first step is to have a plan of action, then respond to that plan otherwise called response oriented thinking. I was employed with my previous company for six years. Initially, I started off as your typical receptionist, and then subsequently I was promoted three times.During my time with the company, I climbed the corporate ladder vigorously, positioning me as the assistant to the vice president during my last three and a half years. I was in my glory, feeling self-confident and looking forward to whatever came next. Unfortunately, the failing economy not only failed our business, forcing us to close, but it also turned my optimism into pessimism. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Bounce Back from Adversity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After numerous interviews and no luck, I was running low on resources, fearing the perception of the business world around me. I needed another plan of action, and that’s exactly what I did.I took my challenge and turned it into an opportunity. Instead of seeking out positions for which I had done for the last six years, I broadened my outlook and sought out new career developments. This directed me to the hospitality industry which eventually led me to restaurant management. If I had continued to limit myself to a dereliction corresponding chain of events, I would have never succumbed to a more resourceful outcome. 2. What tactics do you use to counter adversity? According to â€Å"How to Bounce Back from Adversity†, effective leaders use three lenses to view adverse events to make them shift efficiently.These include control, impact, breadth, and duration. Control is looking for what can improve the crisis now rather than trying to identify all the factors. Impact is identifying the positive effects your personal actions can have on the crisis. Breadth is specifying the underlying cause of the crisis and containing it, and finally duration is determining how long the percussions of the crisis will last. With each lense, three identifying questions, also known as the reliance regime, are designed to help leaders replace negative responses into positive remorseful ones.These questions include specifying, visualization, and collaboration. Instead of continuously revisiting the repercussions, these questions can help achieve core objectives. Adversity to me is an opportunity to correct mistakes, learn and develop new approaches, and emerge in a better form. Some of the actions I take comprise of moving forward with my goals no matter regardless of how difficult they are at the given time, always avoid discouragement and despair, always retain my passion and dedication in everything I do, and always maintain faith. It can take a while to overcome adversity; however the operative word is perseverance. I just keep at it until things get better. 3. How resilient are you? I have to admit that I can sometimes feel angry and disappointed when I have put my all into whatever it is that I’m working on, however I’ve realized through experience that feeling victimized gets you nowhere. So how resilient am I? I would say I have come a long way over the years because of experience. I have learned how to bounce back from my problems and always have a game plan for my next step.

Automatic Fare Cards free essay sample

A paper which studies the difficulties facing the Chicago Transit Authority following the introduction of Automated Payment Systems and a possible solution. The Chicago Transit Authority has in the recent past completely abolished all non-electronic forms of payment for travel. This paper analyzes the effects of the introduction of electronic payments and problems that have arisen from their use. These problems include a lawsuit and what is commonly regarded as a poor marketing performance. The Chicago Transit Authority oversees public transportation for the city of Chicago. This company manages bus and train lines throughout the city and some nearer suburbs. Any company that deals with the general public must be careful when instituting new policies. Minor changes that, in theory, only affect a minority of customers could turn out to have unwarranted side effects. In many cases putting the right spin on events can make the negative effects much smaller. Proper marketing techniques can be used to fulfill this goal. We will write a custom essay sample on Automatic Fare Cards or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One of the biggest changes to take place at the CTA was the introduction of electronic fare cards. This system was initiated in the summer of 1996 and has undergone a number of changes from its introduction .

Architextuality Preservation of the Urban Built Environment

Architextuality Preservation of the Urban Built Environment Material Culture Summary: Architexturality: An Argument in Favor of Creative Preservation of the Urban Built Environment This article was written by Michelle Metro-Rolland. It explores how the various levels of historical structures are preserved in the cities that are struggling with rapid development and modernization (Critical Conservation par. 1). Most cities that have historical structures were analyzed. Moreover, various ways of preserving the structures were identified.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Architextuality: Preservation of the Urban Built Environment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The article has been introduced with definition of the term ‘city environment’. Moreover, the importance of history in the development of the cities has been highlighted. The writer identifies the well being in several city landscapes in the United States, Europe, and the Far East. The historical structure s offer an in-depth understanding of the political, economical, and social practices of the people who developed the cities (Rypkema 4). The author argues that while the past should be appreciated, it is also vital to embrace modernity. The article identifies available methods that are used in the preservation of urban structures. Several international bodies that enforce international laws and policies are currently available. They mainly target the preservation of historical sites in the cities (Critical Conservation par. 2). These bodies create awareness on the need of preserving monumental structures located in cities. Some of these organizations include UNESCO, HUL, and ICOMOS. The art of preservation of the monumental structures emerged in the late 19th century. Currently, several countries have et up laws and policies that are aimed at preserving important historical structures in their respective cities (Rypkema 4). The author managed to identify several challenges facing th e preservation of structures that belonged to old cities. The most outstanding challenge is the deplorable status of the old structures. Most of them are inhabitable and thus, pose danger to the city dwellers. The environmental conditions of the houses are also not suitable for settlement. Furthermore, modern lifestyles and living conditions have made most of these structures to be inhabitable. Since such structures cover large city areas in Eastern Europe and the U.S. it becomes quite cumbersome to maintain those structures in their original states. The author is also quite categorical that most of the monumental structures in the cities are privately owned. This poses a significant danger towards the preservation of such structures since governments have limited control on development projects carried out on privately owned properties. However, the author highlights some ways in which privately owned monumental structures have been renovated and utilized in the modern world.Advert ising Looking for article on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As much as the use of the structures is not similar to the original use of the structure during the historical times, it has proved to be an effective way of preserving the monumental structures without undertaking major modifications (Rypkema 5). Some of the structures that are owned by the state are used as museums and tourist attraction centers. As a matter of fact, reusing the structures proves to be a better way of preserving them (Built Environment par. 6). The writer acknowledges the importance of buildings as a form of history preservation since movable historical artifacts can easily be lost, stolen, or destroyed. The author appreciates the modernization of the cities but believes that it can still be done without destroying the historical structures. He also visualizes that any city is a very rich historical landscape that c an offer the story of its settlers and the changes that have taken place in the social-political settings of its environment (Built Environment par. 5). Built Environment. 2013. Web. Critical Conservation. 2013. Web. https://www.gsd.harvard.edu/ Rypkema, Donovan. Celebrating Our Urban Heritage: Globalization, Urban Heritage, and the 21st century Economy. Global Urban Development Magazine 1.1(2005): 1-8. Web. globalurban.org/Issue1PIMag05/Rypkema%20PDF.pdf

'A Council of Europe convention on trafficking of women Essay

'A Council of Europe convention on trafficking of women - Essay Example generally and unanimously agreed by researchers, international institutions – including the International Organization for Migration (IOM, 2010), various agencies of the United Nations (UNESCAP, 2010), as well as human rights groups which are established to confront the issue and prevent its rise and spread, that human trafficking and especially trafficking of women and children is expanding at a rapid pace, and is considered to be an exceptionally lucrative business, and needless to add, a gross violation of human and women’s rights. Human trafficking is regarded as one of the most lucrative activities in the realm of organized crime, world-wide, and ranks among the top three crimes in the world, including trafficking in arms and drug trade. Furthermore, despite being recognized as one of the top three crimes across the globe, and having a wide nexus of traffickers dealing in smuggling of humans across borders, the perpetrators of such a ghastly crime often get away with lesser punishments as compared to those involved in drug dealing and arms trafficking (Ethridge, Handleman, 2009). The issues of human trafficking and concerns related to it have been raised ever since the beginning of the twentieth century. The ignominious trade attracted world attention since the framing of the first international counter-trafficking treaty signed in 1904 (Weissbrodt, Vega, 2007, Pp. 41) and the movement to prevent such blatant disregard toward human life, gained momentum since 1990s. However, the innumerable efforts to curb this trade have been rendered futile, as is evident from the range of studies and available literature which point to the fact that the phenomenon is actually on the rise. The studies also reveal that the major cause behind such a trade is the growing disparity between the rich and the poor as well as the widening economic gap between nations (Chandra, Herrman, et al., 2009; Thachuk, 2007; Siegel, Nelen, 2008). Women, and children, invariably fall

The superior brand strength of Sainsburys Essay

The superior brand strength of Sainsburys - Essay Example ng Group and the Great Place to Work Steering Group, two inter-dependent research and strategy teams chaired by board members that contribute to the branding model and corporate social responsibility model that brings Sainsbury positive market attention (Sainsbury 2011). These Steering Groups add a new dimension of focus on the governance model, whereby executives and mid-tier managers are involved in establishing policies, models and procedures to enhance brand attitude and personality in important markets. The knowledge and experience brought to the governance model by brand and CSR-related steering groups continues to provide Sainsbury with significant competitive advantages. All branding activities, then, rest on the foundation of revolutionary governance systems. According to the Board of Directors at the organisation, â€Å"We are guided by a ‘materiality’ process which allows us to focus attention on areas of greatest impact and importance. We chart all related s ustainability issues against the level of potential concern and how much the issue could affect our business. (Sainsbury 2011, p.15). The corporate governance team is much more directly involved in brand-related activities critical to market competitiveness and reputation on the consumer markets. Sainsbury understands that the majority of revenues and long-term loyalty needed to sustain market share is involved with promoting internal corporate values and then applying these in a way that is transparent to the consumer in product offerings, CSR activities, and service delivery systems. Rather than allowing managers at the organisation to develop appropriate policies and systems associated with marketing and operations, they are determined by knowledge experts with considerable commercial and business... The brand dimensions of Sainsbury are being discussed in the essay. Sainsbury maintains a revolutionary corporate governance model in which brand-building is a consistent theme in deliberations and strategic analyses of the Board of Directors. Sainsbury is known in important revenue-building markets for its focus on corporate social responsibility, a comparative advantage not found in industry competition. Sainsbury has also received many reputable and important awards for exceeding industry norms in many different areas. Furthermore, the method by which Sainsbury expands its operations is another success factor related to the brand strength of the business. Also related to corporate social responsibility and brand reputation is the level of sponsorship that Sainsbury seeks out to gain more market visibility. As we read the essay, a question rises up. What else provides Sainsbury with brand advantages? Sainsbury is beginning to diversify its product offerings, expanding from simply f ood services to other consumer-based merchandising imperatives. Though Sainsbury is involved in many additional strategic activities related to the brand, the most important dimensions of marketing strategies have been identified. The conclusion shows that Sainsbury is one of the only competitors in this industry that is so highly dedicated to expressing its corporate values for responsible business management, thus it gives Sainsbury a much better brand reputation with critical revenue-producing consumers.